Improper use will accelerate the damage of the O-ring and lose the sealing performance. The experiment shows that if the design of each part of the sealing device is reasonable, simply increasing the pressure will not cause the damage of the O-ring seal. Under the working conditions of high pressure and high temperature, the main reason for the O-ring failure is the permanent deformation of the O-ring material and the gap bite caused by the O-ring being squeezed into the seal gap.
Because the synthetic rubber material used in the O-ring is a viscoelastic material, the initial setting of the compression amount and rebound plugging capacity will gradually lose permanent deformation and eventually leak after a long time of use. Permanent deformation and loss of elasticity are the main reasons for the loss of sealing performance of the O-ring. The following are the main reasons for the permanent deformation of the O-ring material.
Various formulations of rubber used in the manufacture of O-rings will produce compressive stress relaxation under compression, and the compression stress will decrease with the increase of time. The longer the use time, the greater the compression rate and tensile amount, the greater the stress reduction caused by rubber stress relaxation, so that the O-ring is not elastic enough to lose the sealing ability. Therefore, it is desirable to try to reduce the compression rate under permitted conditions of use. Increasing the cross section size of the O-ring is the easiest way to reduce the compression rate, but it will increase the structural size.
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